The End of a Superpower: The Collapse of the Soviet Union (2021)

The End of a Superpower: The Collapse of the Soviet Union is a DW Documentary that delves into the seismic events surrounding the dissolution of the USSR. Filmed before Russia’s President Putin attacked neighboring Ukraine, this film examines the aftermath of the Soviet Union’s demise and how it has shaped the region in 2021.

In the early ’90s, the Soviet Union crumbled, marking the end of an era that began in 1917. The documentary reflects on the collapse of this once-mighty superpower, exploring questions of inevitability and impact. Each of the 15 countries situated between the Baltic Sea and the Pamir Mountains embarked on its unique path. Lithuania, a forerunner for independence, set the stage for others.

Russian President Vladimir Putin famously described the Soviet Union’s collapse as “the greatest geopolitical catastrophe of the 20th century.” But what followed? For some, it brought hope—a chance to end the Cold War, achieve independence, and embrace freedom. Yet, for many, it also ushered in poverty and conflict.

Through interviews with contemporary witnesses and politicians from those decisive years, the documentary paints a vivid picture of the legacy left by a fallen world power. It grapples with the dreams that faded and the realities that emerged. From geopolitical shifts to personal stories, The End of a Superpower captures the complex tapestry woven by the Soviet Union’s collapse.

As we reflect on this pivotal moment in history, we confront questions that resonate beyond borders: How did the end of the Soviet system impact the former USSR, Europe, and the wider international community? What lessons can we draw from this superpower’s demise? The documentary invites viewers to explore these profound themes, bridging the past and the present in a thought-provoking journey.